Đáp án Đề thi Vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022

Dưới đây là Đáp án và Giải thích cho Đề Thi Vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022 (có thể tải về) được Sprout From Ground biên soạn dành cho các bạn đang ôn thi.

Sprout From Ground xin gửi lời cảm ơn các bạn đã gợi ý chúng mình tìm hiểu các đề thi vào 10 chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh. Với chiếc đề mới nhất năm 2021-2022, mức độ khó của đề thi ở mức độ trung (3-4 sao), với tới 4 bài ở phần Đọc, bài đọc dài, tuy nhiên cũng không khó để tìm thông tin dựa vào keyword. Bài đọc được lấy từ FCE, bài viết của National Geography và IELTS. Phần Rewrite hoàn toàn nằm trong bộ luyện thi CPE. Đề thi này có một loại bài độc đáo so với các tỉnh khác đó là dạng bài Chọn từ Đồng nghĩa. Tip cho phần bài này đó là bạn hãy để ý đến loại từ của câu gốc để loại trừ bớt phương án.

Đề thi Vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022 phù hợp với các bạn đã chắc kiến thức và muốn thử thách mình ở mức cao hơn. Sau khi đã hoàn thành, bạn có thể thử sức cùng một số đề thi vào 10 chuyên Anh 2021-2022 như của Chuyên Sư phạm, Chuyên Lam Sơn hay PTNK. Và đừng quên ghé Fanpage của Nhà Mầm ngay tại đây nhé!

A. Link tải về Đề thi vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022

Tải về Đề thi

Tải xuống

Tải về Đáp án + Phân tích

Tải xuống

B. Thi Online thực tế Đề thi vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022

Tính năng đếm ngược thời gian tạo áp lực thi thật tại đây.

C. Phân tích Đáp án Đề thi vào 10 Chuyên Anh Hà Tĩnh 2021-2022

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO HÀ TĨNH | TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN HÀ TĨNH
KỲ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 | NĂM HỌC 2021 – 2022
MÔN THI: TIẾNG ANH
Đề thi có 10 trang | Thời gian làm bài: 150 phút

I. LISTENING 

Part 1. Listen and complete the notes with ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER in each gap. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

Enquiry about joining Youth Council

Name: Roger Brown 
Age: 18 
Currently staying in a ____ (1) hostel____ during the week 
Postal address: 17, ___ (2) Buckleigh __Street, Stamford, Lincs 
Postcode: _____ (3)  PE9 7QT______
Occupation: student and part-time job as a __ (4) waiter______
Studying ___(5) politics____ (major subject) and history (minor subject) 
Hobbies: does a lot of __(6) cycling___, and is interested in the __(7) cinema______ 
On Youth Council, wants to work with young people who are ____(8) disabled____ 
Will come to talk to the Elections Officer next Monday at ____ (9) 4:30____ pm 
Mobile number: ____(10) 07788 136711_____

Part 2. Listen and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the numbered boxes. 

11. The police know what caused the factory explosion. 
12. 60 people were inside the factory. 
13. Residents will probably return home at the weekend. 
14. The postal strike will last for 7 days. 
15. Royal Mail have had a profitable year. 
16. Jonathan Moore saved £12,472 by using fake tickets. 
17. Moore also sold 70 tickets on the Internet. 
18. The diamond weighs over 500 grams. 
19. The diamond has been named ‘The Cullinan Diamond”. 
20. Most areas will have some rain tomorrow.

Part 3. Listen to the conversation between Tony and Sue. Choose FIVE things (A-H) that helped Sue. Write your answers (IN ANY ORDER) in the numbered box.

A. support from parents 
B. being allowed to collaborate 
C. meeting her tutor regularly 
D. working on a previous project 
E. volunteering with young people 
F. visiting the university library 
G. advice from an old friend
H. talking to young offenders

II. GRAMMAR AND LEXICAL ITEMS 

Part 1. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. Write your answers A, B, C or D in the numbered boxes. 

1. It was lucky that I took the document home with me. Otherwise, it __________.
A. had been stolen
B. would have been stolen
C. was stolen
D. must have been stolen 

would have + PII: dùng để chỉ một khả năng trong quá khứ
must have + PII: dùng để chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong quá khứ

2. His doctor suggested that he ___________ a short leave of absence. 
A. will take
B. would take
C. take
D. took 

Subjunctive: S + ask/command/require/order/propose/recommend/suggest/request/… + S + (should) + Vinfi

3. After having used the new technique, the factory produced ______ cars in 2014 as the year before.
A. as twice many
B. as many twice
C. twice many as
D. twice as many 

Cấu trúc so sánh gấp: twice/three times as + much/many/adj/adv + as

4. He ______ down as party leader. Since then, he’s spent lots of his time doing volunteer work for his local community. 
A. stepped
B. is stepping
C. would step
D. has stepped 

Xét vế sau: Since then, he‘s spent lots of his time doing volunteer work for his local community: Kể từ đó, anh ấy đã dành rất nhiều thời gian để làm công việc tình nguyện cho cộng đồng địa phương của mình. => Vế trước là hành động đã xảy ra, dùng thi quá khứ đơn diễn tả những hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ.

5. I think you should book a jazz band for your birthday party, _____? 
A. do
B. don’t I
C. should you
D. shouldn’t you 

Câu đầu có I + think, believe, suppose, figure, assume, fancy, imagine, reckon, expect, seem, feel + mệnh đề phụ, lấy mệnh đề phụ làm câu hỏi đuôi.

6. There are a lot of children in the orphanage _____ lives depend on the donations from the local companies. 
A. which
B. whose
C. who
D. whom 

Relative Clauses: 
who + V để chỉ ai
whose + N để chỉ sở hữu
which + V để chỉ vật
whom + S + V để chỉ ai

7. The more make-up she puts on, ______.
A. she looks less attractive
B. less attractive does she look 
C. the less attractive she looks
D. the less she looks attractive 

Cấu trúc Càng … Càng: The more + N + S + V, the The + adj so sánh hơn + S + V

8. Susan is still in Paris, so you _____ her in our school library.
A. couldn’t see
B. can’t have seen
C. mustn’t have seen
D. weren’t able to see 

can/could have + PII: diễn tả một khả năng trong quá khứ

9. Mr. Molar paid _________ visits to the dentist. 
A. normal
B. regular
C. habitual
D. customary 

pay regular visits: đến thăm, đến gặp ai thường xuyên

10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday. 
A. to be robbed
B. to have been robbed
C. robbed
D. having been robbed 

Bị động dạng đặc biệt với các động từ chỉ ý kiến, quan điểm: say, think, believe, report, …
Chủ động: S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2
Bị động: S2 + be + V1PII + to V2 (nếu cùng thì)/to have + V2PII (nếu khác thì)

Ở đây be + V1 (PII) là is reported -> thì hiện tại
Ở mệnh đề sau có “yesterday” -> thì quá khứ
=> Khác thì => Sử dụng to have + V2PII, kết hợp với dạng Bị động (bị cướp) => to have been robbed

11. “Can’t you read?” Mary said, _________.
A. and angrily pointing to the notice
B. pointing angrily to the notice 
C. angrily pointed to the notice
D. and pointed angrily the notice 

Ta có A and B, trong đó A và B phải tương đương nhau (cùng một loại từ, cùng chia thì giống nhau) -> said and pointed -> loại đáp án A.
Tuy nhiên đáp án D lại thiếu point at sbd/sth => loại đáp án D
Sử dụng hiện tại phân từ (Present Participle)

12. When she first started work, she little thought she would come ____such difficulties. 
A. up against
B. into
C. up with
D. in for 

come up against: đối mặt với một tình cảnh khó khăn
come into: ra đời
come up with: nghĩ ra
come in for: có phần, được hưởng phần: 

13. The book is written by a famous anthropologist. It’s about the people in Samon _____for two years. 
A. that she lives
B. that she lives among them 
C. among whom she lived
D. where she lived among them 

Relative Clause: ở đây mình cần thay thế cho danh từ <the people in Samon> -> chọn C. among whom she lived = whom she lived among
A. thiếu among
B. thừa them (vì đã có that để chỉ <the people> rồi)
D. thừa them, sai đối tượng thành <Samon> nếu dùng where

14. Peter: “Are you going to buy a new computer or continue using the old one?”

      Mary: “__________”
A. Yes, I am.
B. Yes, I’d like one. Thank you. 
C. That’s impossible. I can’t afford a new one.
D. Neither. I’m going to lease one. 

Neither: không cái nào trong hai

15. Not until 1856 _______ across the Mississippi River. 
A. the first bridge was built
B. was the first bridge built 
C. the first building a bridge
D. the bridge building was 

Đảo ngữ với “Not until”: Not until + time + trợ V + S + V 
Bị động (cây cầu đầu tiên được xây dựng)

16. I was surprised to find my French was still ____ good. I could use it to speak during the meeting. 
A. hardly
B. pretty
C. prettily
D. hard 

pretty (adv): khá

17. The color is wonderful and the jacket fits like a ______ but it’s the price that puts me off buying it. 
A. suit
B. sock
C. glove
D. shirt 

fit like a glove: vừa như in, vừa khít

18. I wish you’d do the accounts. I don’t have _____ for numbers. 
A. a head
B. a mind
C. the heart
D. the nerve 

have a (good) head for sth: có cái đầu để làm gì, có khả năng bẩm sinh để làm tốt điều gì đó

19. All ______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. what is needed
B. our needs for
C. the thing needed
D. that is needed 

A. Chỉ có What is needed is, không có All what is needed is (trước What không có a, an, the, all, v.v
B. All our needs for + N: Tất cả nhu cầu của chúng tôi cho + danh từ -> thiếu N
C. All the thing -> sai vì thing không có s
D. Relative Clause: that + V để chỉ vật

20. I know you didn’t want to upset me but I’ sooner you _____ me the whole truth yesterday. 
A. could have told
B. told
C. have told
D. had told 

would rather/would sooner + S + had + PII: đáng lẽ, biểu thị thời gian ở quá khứ.

Part 2. Fill in each gap the most suitable preposition or particle. Write your answers in the numbered boxes. 

21. I don’t want to intrude ____into___ their conversation. 
intrude into: xâm nhập

22. He didn’t like any of the party, so he abstained __from___ voting 
abstrain sth: tránh làm một việc gì hoặc hưởng một lạc thú gì (nhất là uống rượu); kiêng; nhịn

23. I always feel ____at__ ease with Janet. 
at ease: cảm thấy thoải mái và tự tin

24. You can’t impose your views __on____ your students. 
impose sth on sbd/sth: bắt ai/cái gì phải làm/chịu cái gì; áp đặt

25. Our Chinese teacher inspired us _to_____ a real love of things. 
inspire sbd to sth: truyền cảm hứng

26. I don’t have time to read Emma’s letter now. I will study it ___at___ leisure after supper. 
at leisure: khi tôi muốn và có thời gian làm gì đấy

27. You must try to win, but __after____ all, you must play fair. 
after all: sau tất cả

28. Don’t worry! Your mother will be here ___for___ long. 
for long = for a long time

29. They blamed their defeat __on___ the media’s one-sided reporting of the election campaign. 
blame sth on sbd: đổ lỗi gì cho ai đó

30. As usual, the twenty-six-year-old boxer is secure __about___ success. 
secure about sth: không có cảm giác lo âu, nghi ngờ; an tâm; yên tâm; đảm bảo

Part 3. Use the word given in CAPITAL to form a word that fits in the text. Write your answers in the numbered space provided in the column on the right.

31. adjust (v): thích nghi -> adjustments (n): sự thay đổi
A number of + N số nhiều: số lượng
32. make friendship with: kết bạn với ai
33. a variety of: nhiều
34. expectation (N): niềm mong đợi (thường là số nhiều)
35. in comparison with: so sánh với
36. be unprepared for: chưa sẵn sàng, chưa chuẩn bị cho cái gì
37. independent (a): độc lập (có thought là danh từ đứng đằng sau)
38. behavior (n): hành vi (có the đằng trước)
39. welcoming (a): thân thiện (có friendly and <welcome>, như vậy phải chia <welcome> cùng loại từ với friendly)
40. unfamiliar (a): không thân thuộc, quen thuộc

Part 4. Replace the words in bold type with a single word from the box with the same meaning. There is one EXTRA word. Write your answers (A-K) in the numbered boxes.

41. I judged from the state of the sky that a thunderstorm was coming on. 
imminent: sắp xảy ra

42. Most modern ships are fitted with devices intended to keep them on an even keel. 
stabilizers: bộ thăng bằng ở tàu thủy, máy bay

43. People who are found guilty of the practice of spying are put in jail. 
espionage: gián điệp

44. Tom’s character was such that no one could tell what he would do next. 
unpredictable: không dự đoán được

45. Throughout history, many politicians have been guilty of handing out high offices to their relations. 
nepotism: ưu đãi cho người quen, đặc biệt là công ăn việc làm

46. Hilary’s business is doing exceptionally well. 
prospering: thành công; phát đạt

47. Astrophysics is a subject beyond the range of action and ability of my mind. 
scope: phạm vi, tầm (kiến thức)

48. Last year’s crop failed due to dry weather and lack of rainfall. 
drought: hạn hán

49. Cheating in the exam may have as a result your disqualification. 
entail: đưa đến

50. The company’s position is far from safe.
precarious: bấp bênh

Tip làm bài này: Bạn có thể dựa trên loại từ của câu gốc để loại trừ các đáp án mình đang phân vân

III. READING

Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer A, B, C, or D best fits each gap. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

For Nigel Portman, a love of travelling boxan with what’s called a ‘gap year’. In common with many one British teenagers, he chose to take a year out before (1) ________ to study for his degree. After doing various jobs to (2) ________ some money, he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures, visiting America and Asia. The more adventurous the young person, the (3) ________ the challenge they are likely to (4) ________ themselves for the gap year, and for some, like Nigel, it can (5) ________ in a thirst for adventure.

Now that his university course has come to an end, Nigel is just about to leave on a three-year trip that will take him (6) ________ around the world. What’s more, he plans to make the whole journey using only means of transport which are (7) ________ by natural energy. In other words, he’ll be (8) ________ mostly on bicycles and his own legs; and when there’s an ocean to cross, he won’t be taking a (9) ________ cut by climbing aboard a plane, he’ll be joining the crew of a sailing ship Instead.

As well as doing some mountain climbing and other outdoor pursuits along the way, Nigel hopes to (10) ________ on to the people he meets the environmental message that lies behind the whole idea. 

1. A. settling down B. getting up C. taking over D. holding back 
settle down: ổn định cuộc sống, an cư lạc nghiệp, định cư
get up: thức dậy
take over: tiếp quản, kế tục, nổi nghiệp, tiếp tục
hold back: ngăn lại, giữ lại, nén lại, kìm lại

2. A. achieve B. raise C. advance D. win 
raise money: huy động tiền, kiếm tiền

3. A. stronger B. wider C. greater D. deeper 
the greater the challenge: thử thách càng lớn 

4. A. put B. set C. aim D. place
set a challenge: đặt ra thử thách

5. A. result B. lead C. cause D. create 
result in: dẫn đến, đưa đến, kết quả là

6. A. just B. complete C. whole D. right 
right: ngay, chính (thường + địa điểm)

7. A. pulled B. charged C. forced D. powered 
power: cấp nguồn, nối điện, cung cấp lực (cho máy…)

8. A. relying B. using C. attempting D. trying 
rely on: dựa vào, cậy vào, nhờ vào

9. A. quick B. short C. brief D. swift 
a short cut: đường tắt

10. A. leave B. keep C. pass D. give 
pass on: đi tiếp, chuyển tiếp

Part 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM HEAT 

What if every single gallon of gas in our cars and lump of coal in our power plants did extra duty? What if we could get even (11) ____more____ out of our fuel? That is the basic idea of waste heat recovery systems. A young business called Alphabet Energy based in California aims to take the well-known idea of generating electricity from captured heat, and use (12) ___it_____on a massive scale with a (13) ___little_____ help from nanotechnology.

Alphabet hopes to make its name by providing a tiny chip that can be inserted into any exhaust pipe or engine to convert heat (14) ___into_____ electrical power. This tiny chip is a clever device that can (15) ___make_____ use of heat to generate power without needing any moving parts at (16) __once______ (in much the same way as a solar cell generates electricity from light). It is based on the familiar principle that it is possible to use heat to push electrons through a material. Alphabet says its innovation lies not (17) ___only_____ in its choice of material but also in its special technology, all of (18) ___which_____ makes it highly suitable for use in small pipes as well as in large factory chimneys. The device is connected by wire to the plant’s electrical system or to the grid (19) _____so___ that it is able to feed in power converted by heat in real time.

Still only a year old. Alphabet has the ambitious goal of leading (20) ____what____ it believes could be a $200 billion global market. 

11. get more out of our fuel: khai thác nhiều hơn từ nhiên liệu 
12. use it on a massive scale: dùng nó với khối lượng khổng lồ
13. a little help: một chút trợ giúp
14. convert sth into sth: biến đổi cái gì thành cái gì
15. make use of: tận dụng
16. at once: cùng một lúc
17. not only … but also: không những, mà còn
18. all of which: tất cả chúng
19. so that: để từ đó, để mà
20. leading what it believes: dẫn đầu những gì họ tin rằng (ở đây what đóng vai trò như một danh từ)

Part 3. Read the following passage and choose the option A, B, C, or D that best answers the questions. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

Two Englishes

American English is the name given to the form of the language used by the people of the United States (Note that American English does not include Canadian English. The two nations use very similar pronunciation, but in other respects, Canadian English is more like British English.) British English, or Commonwealth English, is the variety used in the United Kingdom and its former colonies, including much of Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Southeast Asia. While American and British English are for the most part reciprocally intelligible, the differences are numerous enough to cause awkward misunderstandings and the occasional breakdown of communication.

Some of the most obvious differences are in vocabulary. Many of these developed between the mid-19th and the mid-20th centuries. This was a period during which a variety of new concepts arose requiring new words. For example, a large number of words connected with automobiles and other modern vehicles are different in the two forms of English. The British use the Celsius temperature scale whereas Americans are more used to Fahrenheit. An American “trunk” is a British “boot.” In the U.S, they put “gas” in their cars, but in the UK, it’s “petrol.” Americans say “subway” while the British say “underground” or “tube”.

While many of these differences are well-known in both countries, there is an inequality in the comprehensibility of American terms for the British, compared with that of British terms for Americans. The use of many British words, such as “semi” (semi-detached house) or “busk” (to play music in public in the hope of getting donations from passers-by) is likely to completely baffle an American. The global popularity of American movies and television shows, on the other hand, means that few Americanisms are unknown to British English speakers.

Less noticeable, though also numerous, are differences in grammar. The present perfect tense *I’ve gone” is more commonly heard in British English whereas Americans use the simple past “I went.” “Did you eat yet?” is a normal question in the U.S. while “Have you eaten yet?” is the only acceptable form for British speakers. Collective nouns, singular nouns that describe multiple people, are another point of difference. In British English, they are used with a plural verb: “The family are worried.” Americans use them with a singular verb: “The family is worried.”

21. Which of the following best describes the reading passage?
A. An explanation of how American English and British English are often confused 
B. A discussion of differences between American English and British English 
C. An argument for choosing British English over American English
D. A listing of varieties of English and where they are spoken 

Đoạn 1: Các loại tiếng Anh
Đoạn 2: Khác biệt về từ vựng Anh – Anh và Anh – Mỹ
Đoạn 3: Người Mỹ khó hiểu thuật ngữ của người Anh hơn
Đoạn 4: Khác biệt về ngữ pháp Anh – Anh và Anh – Mỹ

22. According to the reading, Canadian English and American English are most alike in ________.
A. grammar
B. spelling
C. pronunciation
D. meaning 

=> Note that American English does not include Canadian English. The two nations use very similar pronunciation, but in other respects, Canadian English is more like British English.

23. The word “reciprocally” in the passage mostly means ________
A. mutually
B. periodically
C. differently
D. similarly 

reciprocally: lẫn nhau, qua lại, tương hỗ; có đi có lại, cả đôi bên

24. Which of the sentences below is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph?
A. New English words appeared. 
B. The British use °C, whereas Americans are more used to °F. 
C. There are two equivalent words in British English for “subway” in American English
D. In the US, people don’t use cars on petrol. 

=>  In the U.S, they put “gas” in their cars, but in the UK, it’s “petrol.” (Đây chỉ là cách dùng từ: người Mỹ không dùng từ petrol, chứ không phải không dùng xăng)

25. According to the passage, the differences sometimes cause ________.
A. awkward customers
B. communicative disruptions 
C. new vocabulary items
D. vacation breakdowns 

=> the differences are numerous enough to cause awkward misunderstandings and the occasional breakdown of communication.

26. The word “baffle” in the passage mostly means ________
A. enhance
B. confuse
C. worsen
D. dismiss 

baffle: làm trở ngại

27. According to the passage, American movies are ________
A. not well-known in Britain
B. famous in the U.S. only 
C. world-widely popular
D. not normally watched 

=> The global popularity of American movies and television shows.

28. The word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. nouns
B. people
C. speakers
D. Americans 

=> Collective nouns, singular nouns that describe multiple people, are another point of difference. In British English, they are used with a plural verb: “The family are worried.” 

29. It can be inferred from the passage that in India, the “subway” might be called ________ 
A. the trunk
B. the train
C. the tube
D. subcontinent 

=>  British English, or Commonwealth English, is the variety used in the United Kingdom and its former colonies, including much of Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Southeast Asia…. Americans say “subway” while the British say “underground” or “tube”.

30. According to the last paragraph, which of the following is LEAST likely said by the British? 
A. “Has he come yet?”
B. “The crowd were exciting” 
C. “The crowd cheered excitedly”
D. “Did he come yet?”

=> “Did you eat yet?” is a normal question in the U.S.

Part 4. Read the following passage carefully then do the tasks given below.

The first steam-powered machine was built in 1698 by the English military engineer Thomas Savery (c. 1650-1715). His invention, designed to pump water out of coal mines, was known as the Miner’s Friend. The machine, which had no moving parts, consisted of a simple boiler – a steam chamber whose valves were located on the surface – and a pipe leading to the water in the mine below. Water was heated in the boiler chamber until its steam filled the chamber, forcing out any remaining water or air. The valves were then closed and cold water was sprayed over the chamber. This chilled and condensed the steam inside to form a vacuum. When the valves were reopened, the vacuum sucked up the water from the mine, and the process could then be repeated.

A few years later, an English engineer named Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) improved the steam pump. He increased efficiency by setting a moving piston inside a cylinder, a technique still in use today. A cylinder – a long, thin, closed chamber separate from the boiler – replaced the large, open boiler chamber. A piston – a sliding piece that fits in the cylinder – was used to create motion instead of a vacuum. Steam filled the cylinder from an open valve. When filled, the cylinder was sprayed with water, causing the steam inside to condense into water and create a partial vacuum. The pressure of the outside air then forced the piston down, producing a power stroke. The piston was connected to a beam, which was connected to a water pump at the bottom of the mine by a pump-rod. Through these connections, the movement of the piston caused the water pump to suck up the water.

The most important improvement in steam engine design was brought about by the Scottish engineer James Watt (1736-1819). He set out to improve the performance of Newcomen’s engine and by 1769 had arrived at the conclusion: if the steam were condensed separately from the cylinder, the cylinder could always be kept hot. That year he introduced the design of a steam engine that had a separate condenser and sealed cylinders. Since this kept the heating and cooling processes separate, his machine could work constantly, without any long pause at each cycle to reheat the cylinder. Watt’s refined steam engine design used one-third less fuel than a comparable Newcomen engine.

Over the next 15 years, Watt continued to improve his engine and made three significant additions. He introduced the centrifugal governor, a device that could control steam output and engine speed. He made the engine double-acting by allowing steam to enter alternately on either side of the piston. This allowed the engine to work rapidly and deliver power on the downward and upward piston stroke. Most important, he attached a flywheel to the engine.

Flywheels allow the engine to run more smoothly by creating a more constant load, and they convert the conventional back-and-forth power stroke into a circular (rotary) motion that can be adapted more readily to power machinery. By 1790. Watt’s improved steam engine offered a powerful, reliable power source that could be located almost anywhere. It was used to pump bellows for blast furnaces, to power huge hammers for shaping and strengthening forged metals, and to turn machinery at textile mills. More than anything, it was Watt’s steam engine that speeded up the Industrial Revolution both in England and the rest of the world.

Steam was successfully adapted to powerboats in 1802 and railways in 1829. Later, some of the first automobiles were powered by steam. In the 1880s, the English engineer Charles A. Parsons (1854-1931) produced the first steam turbine, a new steam technology that was more efficient and which enabled the steam engine to evolve into a highly sophisticated and powerful engine that propelled huge ships and ran turbogenerators that supplied electricity,

Once the dominant power source, steam engines eventually declined in popularity as other power sources became available. Although there were more than 60,000 steam cars made in the United States between 1897 and 1927, the steam engine eventually gave way to the internal combustion engine as a power source for vehicles.

Match each statement from 31 to 35 with the correct person from the numbered boxes. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

A. Thomas Savery 
B. Thomas Newcomen 
C. James Watt 
D. Charles A. Parsons 

31. His invention allowed steam power to be converted into electric power. D

=>  In the 1880s, the English engineer Charles A. Parsons (1854-1931) produced the first steam turbine, a new steam technology that was more efficient and which enabled the steam engine to evolve into a highly sophisticated and powerful engine that propelled huge ships and ran turbogenerators that supplied electricity,

32. His invention was the single biggest step in development. C

=> The most important improvement in steam engine design was brought about by the Scottish engineer James Watt (1736-1819).

33. His invention was a simple solution to an industrial problem. A

=> The first steam-powered machine was built in 1698 by the English military engineer Thomas Savery (c. 1650-1715). His invention, designed to pump water out of coal mines, was known as the Miner’s Friend. The machine, which had no moving parts, consisted of a simple boiler

34. His invention was the first continuous power source. C

=> his machine could work constantly (đoạn 3)

35. His invention first used a method people still use now. B=> A few years later, an English engineer named Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) improved the steam pump. He increased efficiency by setting a moving piston inside a cylinder, a technique still in use today.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer to complete the box below. Write your answers in the numbered boxes.

IV. WRITING 

Part 1. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first printed, using the word given in CAPITAL. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words. Write each answer in the space provided. 

1. The coach accepted that he was fully responsible for the way his team performed. TOOK
-> The coach ____took full responsibility for his team’s__ performance.

be responsible for = take responsibility for: chịu trách nhiệm

2. Mark promised sincerely that he wouldn’t watch so much TV. SINCERE
-> Mark made _______a sincere promise not___________ to watch so much TV.

promise = make a promise: hứa

3. You’ve been looking miserable all day. MOON
-> You’ve ___done nothing but moon around____ all day.

moon around: di chuyển loanh quanh hoặc thẫn thờ không có bất kỳ mục đích rõ ràng nào, đặc biệt là vì bạn đang hơi buồn hoặc đang yêu
S + V +  nothing but + Vinfi: không làm gì ngoài

4. I prefer to go by car rather than go by couch. SOONER
-> I ____would sooner go by car than___ by couch

prefer to do sth: thích làm gì hơn 
rather than + Vinfi: hơn là làm gì
would sooner + Vinfi: thích làm gì hơn

5. Sheila has become too big to wear this pullover. GROWN
-> Sheila ___has grown out of this___ pullover

grow out of: quá cao hoặc quá lớn để mặc gì hoặc sử dụng cái gì

Part 2. ESSAY WRITING

It is said that grade-9 students should do nothing but spend most of their time studying for the entrance examination to their favorite high schools. To what extent do you agree? 

Write an essay in about 250 words, use specific details and examples to explain your view.