Với thời gian làm bài chỉ 120 phút, cùng khối lượng kiến thức khổng lồ phải xử lý trong 8 trang đề thi, Đề thi vào 10 chuyên Anh Sư phạm vẫn luôn là một trong những đề thi khó bậc nhất cả nước trong kì thi này.
Trong năm học 2022-2023, đề thi vào 10 chuyên Anh Sư phạm tiếp tục có các bài đọc chủ yếu ở mức C1, ngữ liệu được trích dẫn nhiều từ các sách như Recycling Advanced English, On Screen C1. Vì vậy, để luyện thi, các bạn hãy chú ý luyện tập các bài đọc nhiều tại các cuốn sách có level C1 (một số sách luyện đề B2 đã được nhà Mầm liệt kê tại đây, bạn thay B2/First thành C1/Advanced). Phần ngữ pháp không quá khó, đòi hỏi thí sinh phải có kiến thức về từ vựng nhiều hơn.
Sau khi đã hoàn thành đề thi vào 10 chuyên Anh Sư phạm 2022-2023, đừng quên ghé lại các đề thi chuyên vào 10 đã được phân tích tại đây cũng như theo dõi Fanpage nhà Mầm để nhận được thông báo về các bài viết mới nhất nhé!
Table of Contents
A. Link tải về Đề thi vào 10 Chuyên Anh Sư phạm 2022-2023 bản đẹp PDF
Tải về đề thi
Tải về phân tích
B. Phân tích Đáp án Đề thi vào 10 Chuyên Anh Sư phạm 2022-2023
Choose the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 1 to 2. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
1. A. pneumonia B. pseudonym C. preciosity D. psychology
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
preciosity -> /p/
Còn lại; âm câm
2. A. wisdom B. slight C. tighten D. night
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
wisdom -> /ɪ/
Còn lại -> /aɪ/
Choose the correct answer to complete each of the following questions from 3 to 17. Write (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
3. Look! There’s no point in trying to overturn the decision. It’s all __________.
A. cut and dried
B. head and shoulder
C. tooth and nail
D. chop and change
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
cut and dried: đã được quyết định rồi, khó lòng thay đổi
head and shoulders above: giỏi, tốt hơn hẳn một bậc so với người khác
fight tooth and nail: chiến đấu ác liệt, đánh nhau ác liệt
chop and change: tiếp tục thay đổi
4. Buy me a newspaper on your way back, _________?
A. don’t you
B. have you
C. do you
D. will you
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
Tag-question (Câu hỏi đuôi) với câu mệnh lệnh: Câu mệnh lệnh, will you?
5. Mary gave me a _____ box on my last birthday.
A. jewelry metal small square
B. metal small jewelry square
C. small square metal jewelry
D. square small jewelry metal
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
OPSASCOMP
Size (small) – Shape (square) – Material (metal) – Purpose (jewelry)
6. I was disappointed when I saw the film. It was a real ____
A. lay-by
B. setback
C. let-down
D. knockout
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
lay-by: góc thụt vào để đỗ xe (ở đường phố…)
setback: sự giật lùi, sự đi xuống, sự thoái trào; sự thất bại (something that causes delay or stops progress)
let-down: sự thất vọng
knockout: cú nốc ao
7. In the early 20th century, physicians discovered that blood transfusions often failed because the blood type of the recipient was not compatible _______ the donor.
A. to that of
B. with that of
C. to those of
D. with those of
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
be compatible with: tương thích, hợp nhau, tương hợp
the blood type là số ít -> dùng that, không thể dùng those
8. She could sleep well ______ the loud music the neighbour played last night.
A. although
B. despite
C. regardless
D. but
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
although + S + V, S+ V: mặc dù
despite + N, S + V: mặc dù
regardless of + N, S + V: không chú ý đến ai/cái gì; không quan tâm
S + V, but S + V: dù
9. Our prices are _______ of all flights and accommodation, and represent excellent value.
A. self-catering
B. economical
C. inclusive
D. packed
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
inclusive of: bao gồm
pack with: xếp chặt (vào hòm, hộp); ních người (vào phòng, xe)
10. If the level of VAT is _______ this year, small businesses will be affected.
A. raised
B. arisen
C. risen
D. raising
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
rise: tăng lên -> không dùng với bị động
arise: xuất hiện, nảy sinh ra, xảy ra -> không dùng với bị động
raise + O: tăng lên -> dùng được với bị động
11. They managed to _________ doing the work by pretending to be busy.
A. get out of
B. get away with
C. make up to
D. make off with
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
get out of: thoát khỏi, dần dần bỏ, dần dần mất
get away with: thành công, làm trôi chảy; thoát được sự trừng phạt
make up to sbd: vui vẻ với ai để giành thiện cảm
make off with: xoáy, ăn cắp
12. It was extremely extravagant of us to stay in a luxurious hotel, but we wanted to ______ ourselves
A. pride
B. pledge
C. justify
D. treat
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
treat someone: đối xử, đối đãi, thết đãi ai
13. By appearing on the soap powder commercials, she became a ______ name.
A. housewife
B. housekeeper
C. house
D. household
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
a household name /word: tên của một người hoặc cái gì đã trở nên quen thuộc vì được dùng nhiều; từ ngữ cửa miệng
14. I wish I hadn’t ______ him for his brother.
A. thought
B. considered
C. confused
D. mistaken
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
mistake someone/something for someone/something: nhầm lẫn ai/cái gì với ai/cái gì
15. Make sure that the memo is sent to ___________.
A. all the involved people
B. all who are involved people
C. all the people involved
D. all of people involved
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: all the people who are involved = all the people involved
16. The guest tasted the dessert ___________.
A. appreciatively
B. appreciative
C. appreciated
D. appreciation
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
appreciatively (adv): một cách khen ngợi, tán dương, tán thưởng -> trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ taste
17. It’s true that older people are a bit ____________ when it comes to things like technology, but on the whole I think they’re probably more open-minded than they used to be.
A. out of work
B. out of touch
C. out of control
D. out of order
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
out of work: thất nghiệp
out of touch: lạc hậu, lỗi thời, không có cùng ý tưởng với hầu hết mọi người về điều gì đó
out of control: ngoài tầm kiểm soát
out of order: hỏng, không tuân theo quy định, luật lệ
Choose the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions from 18 to 20. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
18. A. ad’minister B. ca’tastrophe C. ‘intimacy D. la’boratory
19. A. ‘accurate B. perse’vere C. ‘sumptuous D. ‘applicant
20. A. cui’sine B. pa’rade C. ho’tel D. ‘engine
Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 21 to 22. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
21. Did she get the better of you in the argument as to whether milk is good for our health?
A. gain an advantage over
B. gain a disadvantage over
C. try to beat
D. try to be better than
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
get the better of someone: đánh bại ai đó trong cuộc thi, thắng, thắng thế
22. Once I realized I was not cut out for the job, I decided to hand in my notice.
A. was laid off by the company
B. did not have the necessary qualities and abilities
C. did not take the necessary action to resolve
D. lacked relevant working experience
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
not be cut out for something: không phải là loại người phù hợp cho cái gì
Read the text and decide which answer best fits each gap of the following questions from 23 to 32. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
Why people laugh
Sunday May 4th will be World Laughter Day. Dr Madan Kataria, who introduced this annual event, says we need more laughter in our lives to (0) _______ the global rise of stress and loneliness. But surely that strange sound that we make periodically can’t be the (23)_____ to such problems.
If an alien (24) _____ to land on our planet and take a stroll among a crowd of earthlings, it would hear a lot of ‘ha-ha’ noises. It might wonder what purpose this strange habit (25) _____. If we ask ourselves what (26)_____ a good laugh, the obvious answer is that it is a response to something funny. But one scientist, Robert Provine, says humour has surprisingly (27) ____ to do with that. Instead, it lies at the (28)______ of such issues as the perception of self and the evolution of language and social behaviour.
Provine realised that you cannot capture (29)_____ laughter in the lab because as soon as you place it under scrutiny, it vanishes. So, instead, he gathered (30) _____ by hanging around groups of people, noting when they laughed.
He collected 1,200 laugh episodes – an episode being defined as the comment immediately (31) _____ the laughter and the laughter itself. His analysis of this data revealed some important facts about laughter. “It’s a message we send to other people – it virtually disappears when we’re by ourselves,” he says. “And it’s not a choice. Ask someone to laugh and they’ll either try to fake a laugh or say they can’t do it on (32) _____.“
0. A. struggle B. combat C. threaten D. contest
23. A. answer B. means C. response D. question
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
the answer to such problems: câu trả lời cho những vấn đề như vậy (answer = solution)
24. A. should B. were C. had D. are
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
Câu điều kiện loại 2: If + S + Vqkđ/were, S + would + Vinfi
25. A. served B. asked C. caused D. made
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
serve a purpose: đáp ứng yêu cầu
26. A. results B. concludes C. leads D. prompts
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
result in: dẫn đến, đưa đến, kết quả là
conclude sth from sth: kết luận
lead to: dẫn đến
prompt: gợi, gây (cảm hứng, ý nghĩ…)
27. A. few B. much C. little D. many
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
have little to do with: chẳng liên quan mấy
28. A. head B. root C. back D. stem
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
the root of the problem/matter/…: căn nguyên, nguồn gốc
29. A. authentic B. current C. artificial D. contemporary
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
authentic: nguyên bản, thật
current: hiện tại
artificial: nhân tạo
contemporary: đương thời, hiện tại
30. A. noise B. data C. fun D. news
31. A. defining B. following C. paralleling D. preceding
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
define: định nghĩa, xác định
32. A. intention B. support C. command D. accident
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
on command: theo ý chí, theo lệnh, theo mong muốn (When it is ordered or desired; through conscious volition)
by accident: tình cờ
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 33 to 34. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
33. A celebrated psychologist who expanded our knowledge of how children think and develop was a Swiss named Jean Piaget.
A. obscure
B. renowned
C. prominent
D. conservative
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: A
celebrated: nổi tiếng, trứ danh, lừng danh >< obscure: không có tiếng tăm, vô danh, ít người biết đến
34. Downpours had drenched Hanoi all day, but that did not dampen the enthusiasm of red-clad spectators.
A. irrigate
B. flood
C. replenish
D. kindle
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
dampen: làm nản chí, làm nản lòng, làm mất vui, làm cụt hứng >< replenish: làm đầy, được cung cấp thêm, được bổ sung
Read an article about the effects of digital media on people’s minds and choose the best answer to the following questions from 35 to 40. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
Is the Internet making us stupid?
In an article in Science, Patricia Greenfield, a developmental psychologist who runs UCLA’s Children’s Digital Media Centre, reviewed dozens of studies on how different media technologies influence our cognitive abilities. Some of the studies indicated that certain computer tasks, like playing video games, increase the speed at which people can shift their focus among icons and other images on screens. Other studies, however, found that such rapid shifts in focus, even if performed adeptly, result in less rigorous and ‘more automatic’ thinking.
In one experiment at an American university, half a class of students was allowed to use internet-connected laptops during a lecture, while the other half had to keep their computers shut. Those who browsed the web performed much worse on a subsequent test of how well they retained the lecture’s content. Earlier experiments revealed that as the number of links in an online document goes up, reading comprehension falls, and as more types of information are placed on a screen, we remember less of what we see.
Greenfield concluded that ‘every medium develops some cognitive skills at the expense of others’. Our growing use of screen-based media, she said, has strengthened visual-spatial intelligence, which can strengthen the ability to do jobs that involve keeping track of lots of rapidly changing signals, like piloting a plane or monitoring a patient during surgery. However, that has been accompanied by ‘new weakness in higher-order cognitive processes’, including ‘abstract vocabulary, mindfulness, reflection, inductive problem-solving, critical thinking and imagination’. We’re becoming, in a word, shallower.
Studies of our behavior online support this conclusion. German researchers found that web browsers usually spend less than ten seconds looking at a page. Even people doing academic research online tend to ‘bounce’ rapidly between documents, rarely reading more than a page or two, according to a University College London study. Such mental juggling takes a big toll. In a recent experiment at Stanford University, researchers gave various cognitive tests to 49 people who do a lot of media multitasking and 52 people who multitask much less frequently. The heavy multitaskers performed poorly on all tests. They were more easily distracted, had less control over their attention, and were much less able to distinguish important information from trivia. The researchers were surprised by the results. They expected the intensive multitaskers to have gained some mental advantages. That wasn’t the case, though. In fact, the multitaskers weren’t even good at multitasking. ‘Everything distracts them’, said Clifford Nass, one of the researchers.
It would be one thing if the ill effects went away as soon as we turned off our computers and mobiles, but they don’t. The cellular structure of the human brain, scientists have discovered, adapts readily to the tools we use to find, store and share information. By changing our habits of mind, each new technology strengthens certain neural pathways and weakens others. The alterations shape the way we think even when we’re not using the technology. The pioneering neuroscientist Michael Merzenich believes our brains are being ‘massively remodelled’ by our ever-intensifying use of the web and related media. Not long ago he said that he was profoundly worried about the cognitive consequences of the constant distractions and interruptions the internet bombards us with. The long-term effect on the quality of our intellectual lives, he said, could be ‘deadly’.
Not all distractions are bad. As most know, if we concentrate too intensively on a tough problem, we can get stuck in a mental rut. However, if we let the problem sit unattended for a time, we often return to it with a fresh perspective and a burst of creativity. Research by Dutch psychologist Ap Dijksterhuis indicates that such breaks in our attention give our unconscious mind time to grapple with a problem, bringing to bear information and cognitive processes unavailable to conscious deliberation. We usually make better decisions, his experiments reveal, if we shift our attention away from a mental challenge for a time.
But Dijksterhuis’s work also shows that our unconscious thought processes don’t engage with a problem until we’ve clearly and consciously defined what the problem is. If we don’t have a particular goal in mind, he writes, ‘unconscious thought does not occur’. The constant distractedness that the Net encourages is very different from the kind of temporary, purposeful diversion of our mind that reflects our thinking. What we seem to be sacrificing in our surfing and searching is our capacity to engage in the quieter, attentive modes of thought that underpin contemplation, reflection and introspection.
35. What do we learn about Patricia Greenfield’s research in the first paragraph?
A. It did not produce consistent patterns in connection with computer use.
B. It focused on problems resulting from use of media technologies.
C. It involved collating the results of work done by other people.
D. It highlighted differences between people when using computers.
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
Patricia Greenfield … reviewed dozens of studies on how different media technologies influence our cognitive abilities.
36. Two of the experiments mentioned in the second paragraph concerned
A. the amount of attention people pay to what they see on computers.
B. the connection between computer use and memory.
C. changes that happen if people’s computer use increases.
D. the use and non-use of computers for studying.
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
In one experiment … Those who browsed the web performed much worse on a subsequent test of how well they retained the lecture’s content. Earlier experiments revealed that as the number of links in an online document goes up, reading comprehension falls, and as more types of information are placed on a screen, we remember less of what we see.
37. One of Greenfield’s conclusions was that ____________________
A. too much emphasis has been placed on the benefits of computer use.
B. people do not care about the effects of computer use on their minds.
C. computer use has reduced a large number of mental abilities.
D. certain claims about the advantages of computer use are false.
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: C
Greenfield concluded that …. However, that has been accompanied by ‘new weakness in higher-order cognitive processes’, including ‘abstract vocabulary, mindfulness, reflection, inductive problem-solving, critical thinking and imagination’.
38. One of the pieces of research mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicated that
A. people read online material less carefully than other material.
B. beliefs about the effectiveness of multitasking are false.
C. some people are better at multitasking than others.
D. ‘mental juggling’ increases the mental abilities of only a few people.
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: B
They expected the intensive multitaskers to have gained some mental advantages. That wasn’t the case, though.
39. What is the writer’s purpose in the fifth paragraph?
A. to present opposing views on the consequences of use of new media technology
B. to advise on how to avoid the bad effects of new media technology
C. to summarise the findings of the previously-mentioned research
D. to warn about the damage done by use of new media technology
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
It would be one thing if the ill effects went away as soon as we turned off our computers and mobiles, but they don’t.
40. The writer mentions Ap Dijksterhuis’s research in order to make the point that
A. problem-solving can involve very complex mental processes.
B. not all research supports beliefs about the dangers of computer use.
C. the mind functions in ways that computers cannot.
D. uninterrupted concentration on something is not always a good thing.
Xem giải thích
Đáp án: D
Research by Dutch psychologist Ap Dijksterhuis indicates that such breaks in our attention give our unconscious mind time to grapple with a problem, bringing to bear information and cognitive processes unavailable to conscious deliberation. We usually make better decisions, his experiments reveal, if we shift our attention away from a mental challenge for a time.
Read the article about teenagers. Five paragraphs have been removed. Choose from the paragraphs (A- F) the ones which best fit each gap of the following questions from 41 to 45. There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
Rebels with a Cause
“Here’s to the crazy ones. The misfits. The rebels. The troublemakers. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things differently. They’re not fond of rules. You can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. About the only thing you can’t do is to ignore them. And while some may see them as the crazy ones, we see genius. Because the people, who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do.”
41. ___D_ This quote could easily be used to describe teens that rebel against authority, are emotional and make impulsive decisions. But, like the crazy ones, they are also creative, committed to doing things their own way, and are often agents of social change. _______
Typically, there is not a lot of praise to be heard for teenagers. But teenage rebellion and risk-taking is a natural result of the development of the brain, and a necessary step to reach adulthood. Our teenage years are like no other period in our lives, and we should view this stage as a unique opportunity rather than only a time of drama and danger.
42. ____E_ It’s true that it’s a dangerous age. For example, teen drivers are three times more likely than adults to be involved in a fatal accident. And while this issue is real, let’s not overlook the fact that not all risk-taking is negative. ______
For example, one of the best things about being a teen is having an amazing ability to learn, and this is a positive side effect of being willing to take risks. Teens are less afraid of failure, and one of the biggest limitations people face in life is the tendency not to try something new because they might fail. Teens, however, are wide open to trying new things.
43. ___A_ In addition, teens’ brains are very sensitive to reward, and this also helps them learn. Succeeding at a task gives teens a powerful incentive for repeating, and remembering, rewarding behaviours. _______
This sensitivity can make teens highly motivated at tasks that interest them. And while the task that interests them might be playing video games, it could also be playing the guitar, writing poetry, or even learning about physics. It is the age when obsessive practice is the easiest it will ever be, and that practice is one aspect of genius.
44. ___F__ Another positive aspect of teenage risk-taking is their belief that they can change society. They are more likely than adults to speak out for what they think is right or find innovative solutions to problems. ___
Adults might view this as naivety, after all, making changes happen in society is extremely difficult, could be a waste of time, and would probably upset people. However, we can be sure that if no one bothers to try, change is impossible. And while change might be scary, and risky, it is not always bad. In fact, sometimes it is essential.
45. ____C_And, although not essential, even teenage rebellion against family authority has a good side. Researchers have found that teens who argued with their parents were more likely to resist peer pressure to drink. It turns out that the family home is a safe place for teens to practise standing up for what they believe in.
So perhaps it is time to start celebrating teenage rebellion rather than dreading it. Of course, parents and teachers need to set safe limits, but they should also feel proud of teens’ newfound opinions, positive risk- taking and creativity. After all, they will need those skills in the future in order to build a better world.
A. In addition, teens’ brains are very sensitive to reward, and this also helps them learn. Succeeding at a task gives teens a powerful incentive for repeating, and remembering, rewarding behaviours.
B. Essentially, what we can learn from this isn’t that teens necessarily have better memories than adults, but rather the way in which they remember is different. They are able to connect different things and build a richer understanding of the world.
C. And, although not essential, even teenage rebellion against family authority has a good side. Researchers have found that teens who argued with their parents were more likely to resist peer pressure to drink. It turns out that the family home is a safe place for teens to practise standing up for what they believe in.
D. This quote could easily be used to describe teens that rebel against authority, are emotional and make impulsive decisions. But, like the crazy ones, they are also creative, committed to doing things their own way, and are often agents of social change.
E. It’s true that it’s a dangerous age. For example, teen drivers are three times more likely than adults to be involved in a fatal accident. And while this issue is real, let’s not overlook the fact that not all risk-taking is negative.
F. Another positive aspect of teenage risk-taking is their belief that they can change society. They are more likely than adults to speak out for what they think is right or find innovative solutions to problems.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions from 46 to 55. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
YOUTH WORKS
As the pace of today’s working life blurs the line between personal time and work time, so it increasingly mixes personal lifestyle and work style. And as companies concentrate on attracting and keeping a younger workforce for its technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an extension of youth culture. This may be no bad thing. Along with the company games room come things that matter deeply to young people: opportunity, responsibility, respect. For most of human history the middle-aged have ruled. With years came wisdom, experience, connections and influence. Rarely did they change jobs, years of loyal service counted most. However, in the future, older workers will not disappear, or even reduce in numbers, but they will have to share power with fresh-faced youths.
There have been a number of reasons for this change; the most dramatic of these is technology. Children have always been more expert than their parents at something, but usually a game or a fashion, not the century’s most important business tool. The Internet has triggered the first industrial revolution in history to be led by the young. This is the age group that created Netscape, the first commercial web browser; Napster, the music-sharing technology that shocked the music industry; Yahoo! and many of the other web giants. Though there have been youth revolutions before, none of them made the leap from teen bedroom to boardroom the way the Internet has. Throughout the twentieth century, had a young person wanted to enter corporate America they needed to leave their youth behind. They got a haircut, and probably a suit or at least a tie. Now the same hair, same clothes, even nearly the same hours apply to office and home.
Had it not been for the Internet, this change could not have happened. However, it did not happen. because of the Internet only, the corporate restructuring of the 1980s and 90s broke down traditional hierarchies. In many companies, rigid seniority-based hierarchies have given way to hierarchies based on merit. No longer are the abilities to navigate internal bureaucracies and please your superiors the most valued skills. Today’s employees are free agents who stay with companies only as long as they feel challenged and rewarded; moving from job to job is now a sign of ambition and initiative. Today’s young people are valued as workers for different reasons than their predecessors: they welcome change; they think differently; they are independent; they are entrepreneurial; they want opportunity more than money and security and finally, they demand respect.
This revolution is not just about the young. Youth itself is being redefined. Increasingly, 35-year- olds listen to the same music as 20-year-olds, dress like them and even look almost like them. Never before has there been a time when there was so little difference between age groups. Imagine a society converging on an age somewhere between 20 and 30, and you have a fair picture of New York or San Francisco now, with other American cities not far behind.
The rise of the young is a good thing, not least because it gives people at their most creative stage in life more opportunity to put their ideas and energy into practice. But will there be a takeover by the young? A good place to look for an answer is Microsoft. Microsoft’s most important employees are not its managers, but individual programmers. They have great independence in choosing how to do their job. By and large, the managers’ task is not to tell the programmers what to do, but to clear obstacles from the path they choose. Microsoft workers are valued most for their ability to think for themselves, they are trusted to find their own solutions to business problems. Managers hold back, knowing that the more specific their order, the more it is likely to undermine their employees’ ability to find creative solutions. So they concentrate on the diplomatic tasks that most of the independent young programmers are not much good at: co-ordinating with other teams, resolving conflicts, motivating people and ensuring that everybody is happy. Microsoft starts to look like a model for the workplace of the future: programmers tend to be in their twenties and early thirties, whereas the managers are about a decade older. Many of the managers are former programmers who reached a point where they no longer wanted to sleep under their desk. The effect of all this is that youth and youth qualities apparently dominate, but the experience and maturity of older employees is put to good use too.
Decide whether the statements reflect the claims of the writer.
Write YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer.
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer.
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.
46. The number of older workers in companies will decline. N
Xem giải thích
-> However, in the future, older workers will not disappear, or even reduce in numbers, but they will have to share power with fresh-faced youths.
47. The Internet is the most important development since the industrial revolution. NG
48. In many companies, the ability to make the superiors pleased is not one of the most valued skills any longer. Y
Xem giải thích
-> No longer are the abilities to navigate internal bureaucracies and please your superiors the most valued skills.
49. Microsoft’s most important employees are individual programmers. Y
Xem giải thích
-> Microsoft’s most important employees are not its managers, but individual programmers.
Complete the summary below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE words or a number.
In today’s workplace (50) ____personal lifestyle___ and work are becoming mixed and older workers are losing power in their companies. The most important reason for this is (51) __technology____ which has allowed fresh-faced youths to enter the workplace and make changes. A second reason was the changes made to company (52) __hierachies____ in the 80s and 90s which emphasized (53) ___merit___ over seniority. The final reason is that values have changed. Today’s workers want opportunity more than (54) ____money and security______. Another effect is that older people are behaving like younger people with society’s average age between 20 and 30 in some US cities. At Microsoft the manager’s role is not to give workers orders but to (55) ___clear obstacles_______ from their way and help them discover solutions to business problems.
Xem giải thích
(50) As the pace of today’s working life blurs the line between personal time and work time, so it increasingly mixes personal lifestyle and work style.
(51) There have been a number of reasons for this change; the most dramatic of these is technology.
(52) However, it did not happen. because of the Internet only, the corporate restructuring of the 1980s and 90s broke down traditional hierarchies.
(53) In many companies, rigid seniority-based hierarchies have given way to hierarchies based on merit.
(54) they want opportunity more than money and security
(55) By and large, the managers’ task is not to tell the programmers what to do, but to clear obstacles from the path they choose.
Read the text below and use ONE word which best fits each gap of the following questions from 56 to 65. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
Britain has gone mad for bananas. Over the past 12 months Britons have consumed an unprecedented 3.5 billion pieces of the tropical fruit, forcing the (56) ___native____ apple into second place. The nation’s banana boom is one of the most remarkable nutritional trends of recent years, a guide not only to the growing (57) __health___ consciousness of the British people but also to the country’s economic health. (58) ___What_____ is amazing is that bananas were virtually unheard of during the 19th century and even up until the end of the 1920s (59) _hardly_____ anyone in Britain had tasted or (60) __ever_____ seen them.
Early attempts to introduce them to northern countries had met with failure because by the time they had been shipped to Britain, they had rotted (61) _beyond____ recognition. However, thanks to the development of refrigerated shipping, all this changed. Refrigerated shipping meant that then, as now, bunches of imported bananas could arrive in good condition at (62) _ripening____ houses in dockyards where they were stored. The first commercial refrigerated shipment arrived 100 years ago, triggering an enthusiasm from (63) ___where___ Britons have never looked back..
“The banana has everything going for it”, says Jeanette Scott of the Banana Group marketing organization. “It’s easy to open, it is packed (64) __with____ energy and vitamins and is low in calories. It is also a first-class cure for upset stomachs and it stabilises blood (65) ___pressure____, so its popularity should not be seen as that surprising.”
Xem giải thích
(56) native: (thuộc) địa phương; (thuộc) thổ dân
(57) health consciousness: ý thức, nhận thức về sức khoẻ
(58)
(59) hardly: gần như không
(60) Thì hiện tại hoàn thành, ever: bao giờ
(61) beyond: trên cả, vượt quá
(62) ripen: làm chín
(63) Trạng từ quan hệ: where + S + V: nơi mà
(64) be packed with: được chất đầy với
(65) blood pressure: huyết áp
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap of the following questions from 66 to 75. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet
The American painter George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925) was the only son of an elderly couple who (66. EXAMPLE) __exemplified____ the Midwestern values of honest business practice and strict morality. From earliest childhood he seemed determined to become an artist. Before graduating from Ohio State University, and in the face of stiff parental (67. OPPOSE) ___opposition___ he moved to New York to study art. There he was strongly influenced by “The Eight”, or American Ashcan School. For the (68. REMAIN) ___remainder____ of his life, his work was characterized by realist subject matter, (69. LIE) ___underlying___ which was a traditional approach to composition. He was also fascinated by the various systems of colour (70. RELATE) ___relationships____ that painters were using at the time, and studied them in detail. The truly outstanding work that he produced in these early days (71. SHADOW) ___foreshadowed_______ and contributed to much of his later painting.
Despite his identification with common, even low-life themes, he was elected an associate of the (72. PRESTIGE) ____prestigious____ National Academy at the exceptionally early age of 27. One of the reasons the Academy honoured Bellows, while (73. HOLD) ___withholding____ approval from many of the other members of “The Eight”, was the fact that there were unmistakable references to the old masters in Bellows’ work. He was one of the few artists who (74. INSTINCT) __instinctively___ combined a modern verve and energy with an appreciation of (75. ART) ___artistic____ tradition, and his almost universal appeal was therefore not surprising.
Xem giải thích
(66) exemplified (V): minh hoạ bằng thí dụ; làm thí dụ cho – thì quá khứ đơn
(67) opposition (N): sự chống lại; sự chống đối
(68) remainder (N): phần còn lại, chỗ còn lại, thời gian còn lại
(69) underlying (V): nằm dưới, bên dưới
(70) relationships (N) mối quan hệ
(71) foreshadowed (V): báo hiệu; báo trước; là điềm của
(72) prestigious (adj): có uy tín, có thanh thế; đem lại uy tín, đem lại thanh thế
(73) withholding (V): từ chối
(74) instinctively (adv): theo bản năng
(75) artistic (adj): được làm ra một cách khéo léo và có óc thẩm mỹ; đẹp
Finish each of the following sentences from 76 to 80 in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
76. It was such a difficult task that expert assistance was required.
→ So ______difficult was the task that expert assistance was required___________
Xem giải thích
Cấu trúc đảo ngữ so that: So + adj + be + S + that + S + V
77. He is unlikely to be promoted.
→ There _____is no likelihood that he will be promoted__________________
Xem giải thích
There is (no/little) likelihood that + S + V: có rất ít/không có khả năng rằng
78. Susan tries hard, but she doesn’t get anywhere.
→ However ______ hard Susan tries, she doesn’t get anywhere________________
Xem giải thích
However + adj/adv + S + V, S + V: Dù …. có …. như thế nào, …
79. They believe that the manager absconded with the company’s pension fund money.
→ The manager ___is believed to have absconded with the company’s pension fund money_______
Xem giải thích
Cấu trúc bị động với các động từ chỉ ý kiến, quan điểm (say, think, believe, report, …)
Chủ động: S1 + think/believe… + that + S2 + V2
Bị động: It + be + thought/believed …. + that + S2 + V2
S2 + be + thought/believed + to Vinfi / to have PII
80. “Please, please don’t tell anyone you’ve seen me!” the boy said to me.
→The boy begged _____me not to tell anyone I had seen him_____
Xem giải thích
beg sbd not to do sth: cầu xin ai đó đừng làm gì
Câu gián tiếp: lùi thì: HTHT -> QKHT
Complete the second sentences from 81 to 85 so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and SIX words, including the word given. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet.
81. She is certainly not a good cook. MEANS
→ She ______is by no means a_________ good cook.
Xem giải thích
by no means: không chút nào; không tí nào
82. I could tell by the tone of his voice how serious the situation was. HOME
→ The tone of his voice _________brought home to me___________ how serious the situation was.
Xem giải thích
bring sth home to sbd: giúp ai hiểu rõ điều gì
83. No one stands a chance of beating him in this year’s championship. FOREGONE
→ It’s ___a foregone conclusion___ that he will win this year’s championship.
Xem giải thích
It’s a foregone conclusion: Đó là kết luận có thể dự đoán trước được
84. We ask travellers not to use their mobile phones when they pass through security. REFRAIN
→ Travellers ___are asked to refrain from using_ their mobile phones when they pass through security.
Xem giải thích
refrain from sth: tự kiềm chế làm việc gì, cố nhịn, cố nín
85. The festival was so well organized that everything went smoothly. CLOCKWORK
→ Everything at the festival ____ran like clockwork___ thanks to the excellent organization.
Xem giải thích
like a clockwork: diễn ra trơn tru đúng như kế hoạch
Recently young people are said to be “Welcome Generation” as they are willing to face any difficulties. Write a paragraph of about 140 words about how people of your age in your country deal with challenges in their life. Write your paragraph on the answer sheet.