Giải Đề Thi Vào 10 Chuyên Anh PTNK 2021-2022

ĐỀ THI VÀO LỚP 10 CHUYÊN ANH – TRƯỜNG PHỔ THÔNG NĂNG KHIẾU (PTNK)

NĂM HỌC 2021 – 2022

(Tải về ở cuối trang)

Thời gian: 120 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)

Part 1. Reading

Passage 1

As part of a class at school you have to read this article from a local newspaper. Read it and answer the questions which follow. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

The Development of the Courier Service

In ancient times, runners, pigeons and riders on horseback were used to deliver messages. Before there were mechanized courier services, foot messengers physically ran miles to their destinations. To this day, there are marathons directly related to actual historical messenger routes. In cities today, there are often bicycle couriers or motorcycle couriers, but for products requiring delivery over greater distance networks, this may often include trucks, railways and aircraft. §1.

The same-day courier market expanded with the help of taxi companies, but soon expanded into dedicated motorcycle dispatch riders with the taxi companies setting up separate arms to their companies to cover the courier work. During the late 1970s small provincial and regional companies were popping up throughout the country. Today, there are many large companies offering next-day courier services, including worldwide couriers such as APC Overnight, FedEx, DHL, UPS and TNT. There are many “specialist” couriers usually for the transportation of items such as freight/palettes, sensitive documents and liquids. §2.

There are thousands upon thousands of independent couriers and localized companies, offering next-day and same-day services. Since the turn of the millennium, there has been a noticeable increase in owner-drivers, self-employed couriers, operating mainly from home with a sole vehicle. Advantages of this rather than working for an established same-day courier firm are that they are able to offer far better rates to their customers. Self-employed couriers come from varied employment backgrounds from non-skilled through to highly qualified tradespeople. Motorbike couriers still exist, but mainly in and around cities, where there is often congestion, as they are much cheaper to run in heavy traffic. §3.

Large couriers often require an account to be held (and this can include daily scheduled collections). Senders are therefore primarily in the commercial/industrial sector (and not the general public); some couriers such as DHL do, however, allow public sending (at higher cost than regular senders).

The courier industry has long held an important place in United States commerce and been involved in important moments in the nation’s history, such as westward migration and the gold rush. Wells Fargo was founded in 1852 and rapidly became the preeminent package delivery company. The company specialized in shipping gold, packages and newspapers throughout the West, making a Wells Fargo office in every camp and settlement a necessity for commerce and connections to home. Shortly afterward, the Pony Express was established to move packages more quickly than the traditional method, which was the stagecoach routes. It also illustrated the demand for timely deliveries across the nation, a concept that continued to evolve with the railroads, automobiles and interstate highways and which has emerged into today’s courier industry. §4.

The courier industry in the United States is a $59 billion industry, with 86% of the business shared by only four companies, including DHL, FedEx and UPS. The remaining 14% shared among almost 11,900 other small businesses ranging in size from 1 employee to over 600. These businesses comprise of mostly same-day deliveries and are strong offline businesses and strong online businesses like Naparex and USA Couriers.

1. How did the courier market expand?

A. by using bicycles                                      B. with the help of cab companies

C. by using motorcycles                                 D. with the use of trucks

2. What is the meaning of the word freight in paragraph 2?

A. valuables                B. edibles                    C. wastes                    D. Cargo

3. Who were the forerunners of our modern day courier services?

A. marathon racers    B. foot messengers      C. pigeons                   D. Riders

4. What does the passage say about self-employed couriers?

A. One person does everything.                     B. They are highly qualified employees.

C. They are mostly skilled laborers.              D. They are not as dependable.

5. At which of the numbered points in the passage would the following sentence best fit?

“And of course they are much faster than using cars.”

A. §1                           B. §2                          C. §3                          D. §4

6. What is true about the sole vehicle company?

A. Its service is slower.                                  B. Its service is faster.

C. It is more expensive.                                 D. It gives better prices.

7. According to the passage, DHL

A. only services the commercial sector.         B. is not used by the general public.

C. services the industrial customers.             D. has higher prices for non-commercial customers.

8. Which provided the first delivery services in the U.S.?

A. DHL                       B. the Pony Express                C. Wells Fargo           D. the stagecoaches

9. What is true about present day courier service?

A. They employ 600 people.                         B. It has become a giant industry.

B. There are only 4 companies left.               D. Its forerunner was the Pony Express.

10. The author feels that

A. the courier industry is an important part of American commerce.

B. courier companies have helped build the highway system.

C. courier companies should do more online business.

D. there aren’t enough “specialist” courier companies.

Passage 2

Read the following passage and write the letter A, B, C, or D in the corresponding numbered box provided to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 10.

The UK Government has said it (1)________ to allow self-driving cars on public roads for the first time later this year. Drivers of cars (2)________ with an automated lane-keeping system (ALKS) will be allowed to take their hands (3)________ the steering wheel in certain situations.

ALKS uses cameras and sensors to monitor the speed of nearby vehicles and (4)________ a safe distance. Under new plans, drivers will be able to use the system on motorways when (5)________ is moving at less than 37 miles per hour. However, the driver must still be ready to take control when requested or (6)________ the car will automatically slow down.

The Department for Transport says that self-driving cars could make the roads safer and reduce accidents caused by human (7)________. According to Mike Hawes of the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders, up to 47,000 accidents could be (8)________ over the next decade thanks to self-driving systems. (9)________ Thatcham Research, which conducts car-safety tests, has (10)________ people that ALKS still requires a lot of human involvement.

1.         A. targets                    B. aims                        C. designs                   D. goals

2.         A. furnished                B. supplied                  C. geared                     D. fitted

3.         A. away                       B. on                           C. off                           D. out

4.         A. keep                        B. control                    C. lay                          D. hold

5.         A. car                          B. vehicle                    C. means                     D. traffic

6.         A. other                       B. else                         C. so                            D. not

7.         A. defect                     B. fault                        C. error                       D. flaw

8.         A. caused                    B. occurred                 C. prevented               D. restrained

9.         A. Furthermore           B. However                 C. Therefore               D. Besides

10.       A. warned                   B. alarmed                  C. alerted                    D. threatened

Passage 3

Read the text and fill the gaps with the correct sentence (A-H). Write the letter of the missing sentence in the corresponding numbered box provided. There are two extra sentences you will not need.

Early Football

Documented evidence of what is possibly the oldest activity resembling football can be found in a Chinese military manual written during the Warring States Period in about the 476 BC-221 BC.

① During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), cuju games were standardized and rules were established. Variations of this game later spread to Japan and Korea, known as kemari and chuk-guk respectively. By the Chinese Tang Dynasty (618-907), the feather-stuffed ball was replaced by an air- filled ball and cuju games had become professionalized, with many players making a living playing cuju. Also, two different types of goal posts emerged.②

The Ancient Greeks and Romans are known to have played many ball games, some of which involved the use of the feet. The Roman writer Cicero describes the case of a man who was killed whilst having a shave when a ball was kicked into a barber’s shop. The Roman game harpastum is believed to have been adapted from a team game known as pheninda that is mentioned by Greek playwright, Antiphanes (388-311BC) and later referred to by Clement of Alexandria. ③

There are a number of references to traditional, ancient, and/or prehistoric ball games, played by indigenous peoples in many different parts of the world. ④ There are later accounts of an Inuit

game played on ice, called aqsaqtuk. ⑤ In 1610, William Strachey of the Jamestown settlement, Virginia recorded a game played by Native Americans, called pahsaheman. In Victoria, Australia, indigenous people played a game called Marn Grook (“ball game”). An 1878 book by Robert Brough-Smyth, The Aborigines of Victoria, quotes a man called Richard Thomas as saying, in about 1841, that he had witnessed Aboriginal people playing the game: “Mr Thomas describes how the foremost player will drop kick a ball made from the skin of a possum and how other players leap into the air in order to catch it.” ⑥

A         One was made by setting up posts with a net between them and the other consisted of just one goal post in the middle of the field. 2

B         They often look much different in different places.

C         This game appears to have resembled rugby. 3

D         It is widely believed that Marn Grook had an influence on the development of Australian football. 6

E         Each match began with two teams facing each other in parallel lines, before attempting to kick the ball through each other team’s line and then at a goal. 5

F          Although this is true only in certain societies.

G         For example, in 1586, men from a ship commanded by an English explorer named John Davis went ashore to play a form of football with Inuit (Eskimo) people in Greenland. 4

H         It describes a practice known as cuju (literally “kick ball”), which originally involved kicking a leather ball through a hole in a piece of silk cloth strung between two 30-foot (9.1 m) poles. 1

Passage 4

You are going to read an article about New York’s mayoral race. Seven parts have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write the letter of the missing paragraph in the corresponding numbered box provided.

UNCERTAINTY AND THE CITY

Next month’s primary is the first in a generation to be run while the city seems to be shrinking.

Times Square is the only neighbourhood in New York City where regulations require a minimum amount of display lighting. Before the pandemic, tourists flocked there to gawk at the dazzling lights or to take selfies with someone dressed as Elmo or Spiderman, or maybe with the guitar-strumming Naked Cowboy (who in fact wears Y-fronts).

On promises to make New York’s lights shine brighter than ever, about a dozen Democrats are running for mayor, known as the second-toughest job in America. They are elbowing one another for attention from the city’s diminished media. New Yorkers are still struggling to keep track of their names, much less the fine points of policy that (sort of) distinguish them. The candidate leading in the polls is the one with the most name recognition, Andrew Yang, who competed for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president, and who is positioning himself as the field’s tech- savvy moderate.

Typically mayoral candidates find themselves arguing about how to manage New York’s growth. This is the first election for a generation in which they are confronting the hazards of shrinkage. Reliable numbers are hard to come by, but even before the epidemic the population was declining very slightly.

With so many commuters vanishing, thousands of small businesses have closed their doors, taking one out of every eight jobs with them. On once-busy commercial streets, storefronts are empty and dark. Though Broadway is set to reopen in September, the hospitality industry has taken a beating during the pandemic: more than seven in ten of those working in the sector lost work last year. Across the city, employment is not expected to recover its pre-pandemic levels before 2024.

He compared gun violence to a virus. “If we do not inoculate against it now, it will spread and spread and it will mean the death of countless New Yorkers and the city we have built.” Fearmongering, perhaps, but also a sign of how fearful many constituents are. When Mr Adams recently strolled down Brooklyn’s Metropolitan Avenue, which he once patrolled, many passersby shared their concerns about violence with him. “I’m afraid to walk to work,” said one Fed-Ex worker.

Another New York specific problem is the subway, beset before the pandemic by delays caused by an ageing signal system and now seeing a decline of two-thirds in daily riders, which was

5.6m before COVID-19 struck. New York’s governor actually has more control over the subway, which only makes the next mayor’s task harder: the city will not rebound if the subway doesn’t. Not only the virus but fear of crime is keeping New Yorkers from going down into the tunnels. The current mayor, Bill de Blasio, has felt it necessary to create a travel-buddy scheme for city employees.

Each candidate has a plan for the city’s recovery. Ray McGuire, a former Citigroup executive, says through measures like salary subsidies to small businesses he will bring back 500,000 jobs. He ticks a lot of boxes. He had a modest upbringing by a single mother, but at Citi he advised on transactions even bigger than the city’s $99bn budget.

Mr Yang has some intriguing ideas, and New York’s mayors are supposed to do things that other cities copy. But he stands apart mainly because the city likes a star: Ed Koch, Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg were all well-known before they became mayors. Mr Yang has said he would hire Kathryn Garcia, an experienced problem- solver in city government, to help him run the place. Like a true New Yorker, Ms Garcia, who is also a candidate, shot back that Mr Yang could work for her.

 A He was quick to condemn the shooting, saying “everything is contingent upon whether our streets and our subways are safe”. The Democratic primary is on June 22nd, and it is likely to be decisive. There are two Republican candidates running, but Democrats outnumber Republicans in the city seven to one. 2

B Crime is still much lower than it was at its height three decades ago, but New Yorkers list it among their top three priorities for the next mayor, along with stopping the spread of COVID-19 and kick-starting the economy. Eric Adams, Brooklyn’s borough president and a former policeman, is second in most polls and has made combating crime a focus. 4

C For the first time in a mayoral primary, city voters will be able to rank up to five candidates in order of preference. When the Board of Elections begins tabulating the results, if no candidate receives more than 50 percent of first-choice votes, all votes for the lowest-performing candidate will be eliminated, and those voters’ second-choice picks will be counted instead. The cycle continues until one winner remains.

D But for decades until the mid-1990s, New Yorkers and visitors alike avoided this “Crossroads of the World” because of its reputation for crime and drugs. On May 8th, when a gunfight erupted in Times Square and a toddler and two visitors were wounded, New Yorkers feared, not the first time, that their city was sliding back into its old ways. 1

E Several progressive candidates, including Dianne Morales, a former non-profit executive, are calling for new programmes and higher taxes on the wealthy. But the city cannot raise taxes without the state government’s approval, and New York City already faces the highest income-tax rate in the country. 7

F Last year it shrank by perhaps 300,000 people (an estimate from CBS, a broadcaster, based on postal changes of address). Perhaps more worrying, the Partnership for New York City, an industry group, surveyed the city’s big employers and found that only 10% of Manhattan’s office workers had returned to their desks by March. Employers expect only 46% of their people back at their desks by September, and they expect 56% will work remotely at least part of the time after that. 3

G New Yorkers have more reason than usual to master fine distinctions among all the candidates because this is the first big-city election to be decided by ranked-choice voting. Voters will be able to express their preference, in order, for up to five candidates. But whom to rank where? 6

H Crime is again confronting many American cities. But the next mayor will also face problems that are peculiar to New York. One is how to raise taxes enough to finance more spending without prompting more Wall Street firms to leave town. Several, including Blackstone, a private equity giant, have already opened offices in Florida, where taxes are far lower. 5

Part 2. Grammar and Vocabulary

Write the letter A, B, C, or D in the corresponding numbered box provided to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

1. “Do you think Greg was at the gym on Sunday?” “He _______. It’s closed on weekends.”

A. shouldn’t have been                                   B. could be

C. can’t have been                                           D. didn’t need to be

2. The mayor announced his plan _______a new library

A. that will construct                                      B. for the construction of

C. to be constructed                                        D. constructed

3. The state of the economy is poor. _______, the unemployment rate is rising.

A. Since                      B. Seeing that             C. Thanks to               D. Consequently

4. Do you know what time it is? You _______to be here an hour ago!

A. supposed                B. were supposing      C. had supposed          D. were supposed

5. I’ve been buying all my clothes from second-hand stores _______.

A. today                      B. now                         C. lately                      D. all day

6. The fantastic view was _______me to buy this apartment.

A. that it convinced                                        B. what convinced

C. how I was convinced                                 D. which convinced

7. Dean has two sisters, both _______ work abroad.

A. of whose                 B. of whom                 C. of them                   D. of who

8. Magie didn’t seem _______concerned when Jack told her about the snake in her bedroom.

A. at least                    B. in least                    C. leastways                D. the least bit

9. I’ve made my decision. _______you say will change my mind!

A. Whatever               B. Nothing                  C. No matter               D. Anything

10. Bob _______ as a baggage handler at the airport until he can find something more suitable.
A. works                     B. is working              C. worked                   D. has worked

11. Although not everyone is a fan of Justin Bieber, most people agree he is worthy of his _______ success.

A. influential              B. aspiring                  C. phenomenal            D. resourceful

12. My brother _______a total transformation during adolescence.

A. underwent              B. undermined            C. underlined              D. underpinned

13. There is _______parking for both staff and customers.

A. single                     B. hard-pressed           C. mere                       D. ample

14. A therapist is trying to help the couple _______with the strain of the situation.

A. appreciate              B. fester                      C. condone                  D. cope

15. William _______to becoming a powerful politician and has already started to make his way in the world of politics.

A. persists                   B. determines              C. aspires                    D. perseveres

16. Will you _______ all these books and papers to my office, please?

A. fetch                       B. bring                       C. take                         D. set

17.       “Is Leah OK?”

“Yes, we spent hours _______about her problem and she seems to feel better now.”

A. talking                    B. speaking                 C. discussing               D. listening

18. You will find the stockbrokers’ offices in the city’s central _______district.

A. business                

B. industrial               

C. rural                       

D. provincial

19. I stayed up all night because I was completely_______ the book I was reading.

A. absorbed in            

B. acquainted with     

C. appealed to                        

D. spontaneous about

20. You’ll have to reverse out of this road – it’s a _______ and we can’t go any further.

A. next-door              

B. run-down               

C. built-up                  

D. dead-end

21. Her _______success at the polls is the best indicator of her popularity.

A. unprecedented        B. unabridged             C. unrequited              D. unrelenting

22. The little boy was _______by the storekeeper, who charged him twice the normal price for a soda.

A. set down                 B. ripped off               C. torn up                    D. shaken out

23. Jackie lives on the fourth floor of a _______ in London’s West End.

A. bungalow               B. block of flats          C. detached house       D. terraced house

24. I’m sure your cat will soon get used to her new_______

A. surrounded             B. surrounding            C. surround                 D. surroundings

Part 3. Word formation

Use the words on the right of the text, listed 1-10, to form ONE word that fits in the same numbered space in the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. Spelling mistakes will be penalised.

Part 4. Open Cloze

Complete the texts. Use only ONE word for each gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

Passage 1

COVID AND COMMUNITY

Graphic detail looked at the economic impact of COVID-19 (1) __on___ suicide rates (April 24th). The reported decrease in suicide, perhaps surprising (2) __given/considering___ many people’s financial hardship, could be explained by the work of Emile Durkheim. In “Suicide”, the late 19th-century French sociologist studied people who (3) __look___  their own life and how they interacted (4) __with___  society. He described four types of suicide, one of which is egoistic suicide, when an individual does not feel a (5) __sense___  of belonging. It is well known that in (6) __time/times___  of war suicide rates drop. This is generally ascribed (7) _to____  a “we’re all in it together” sentiment in a unified fight (8)__ against __ a common foe. It is plausible that the (9) ___war __  on COVID has united societies in this way and suicide rates have fallen as a (10) __consequence/result___ .

Passage 2

When was the last time you had a good night’s sleep? By that I mean: you said goodbye to the waking world an hour or two (11)  __earlier_____ than usual, left your phone in another room and didn’t set an (12) ___alarm_____  for the next morning. Sounds good, doesn’t it? But in reality, it’s something few of us ever indulge (13) ___in____

You might even feel like our sleeping hours are (14) __under______  threat. Celebs and self-proclaimed lifestyle gurus often boast about how (15)  __little____ they sleep – productivity comes (16) _first______ . And how many of us are guilty of bringing our smartphones into bed, where a few TikToks or tweets quickly turn into hours of lost sleep? And let’s not get into how the pandemic has wreaked (17)  ___havoc_____ with our sleeping patterns.

Unfortunately, while we all struggle to get a decent rest, scientists are discovering just (18)__how______ important sleep is. Of course, we all know the consequences of (19) __pulling_______  an all-nighter, but it seems that even just an hour of lost sleep can have a profound effect (20) ___on_____ . our overall health and wellbeing.

Part 5: Key Word Transformation

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between THREE and EIGHT words, including the word given. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

1.         Simon would found a new company whenever he ran into difficulties. TO

Whenever Simon ran into difficulties, _____he used to set________ up a new company

2. Larry sought to dissuade them from selling the ranch. TALK

Larry tried____to talk them out of selling____ the ranch.

3. “I’ll take you anywhere, no matter where it is,” Jim promised her. WHEREVER

Jim promised to______take her wherever she______ wanted to go.

4. He is sure to figure out what happened eventually. MATTER

It’s only_____a matter of time before he figures____________ out what happened.

5. I was forced to confess to cheating in the exam. MADE

They______made me own_________ up to cheating in the exam.

6. Mark didn’t want to be discovered, so he carried out his plan in the middle of the night. FOR

Mark carried out his plan in the middle of the night_____for fear of being found________ out.

7. Most people won’t tolerate being lied to. UP

Very____few people will put up with_______ being lied to.

8. He advised me so half-heartedly that I was left wondering what to do. ADVICE

He gave me such______half-hearted advice that I was at________ a loss as to what I should do.

9. It’s a pity they can’t abolish military service. ONLY

If____only they could do away___ with military service.

10. “Your new hairstyle looks great, Sylvia!” I said. COMPLIMENTED

I______complimented Sylvia on her_______ new hairstyle.

Part 6: Error Identification and Correction

Identify the five mistakes in the following passage and correct them.

Alongside the growth in modern institutional distance learning have come Web-based or facilitated personal educational services, including e-tutoring, e-mentoring, and research assistance. In addition, they are many educational assistance companies that help parents choose and contact local tutors for their children while the companies handle the contracts. The use of distance learning programs and tutoring services have increased particularly among parents whose homeschool their children. Many universities have some online tutoring services for remedial help with reading, writing, and basic mathematics, and some even have online mentor programs to help doctoral candidates through the dissertation process. Finally, many Web-based personal-assistant companies offered a range of services to adults seeking continuing education or professional development.

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